Years ago Black & Decker sold a special jig to attach to your drill which caught the dust as you drilled into the ceiling. Apparently it wasn't that popular because I can't find it in the stores any more.
So, simply push your drill through the bottom of a transparent plastic food container, shove it up to the ceiling, and drill away with your eyes wide open.
Taping a brown paper bag to the wall just below your planned hole will catch all the dust before it gets to the carpet.